Tarsal tunnel syndrome is a condition that occurs when a ligament compresses the tibial nerve in the ankle, and causes serious pain, weakness and numbness of the foot and ankle. Surgery to relieve pressure on the tibial nerve is often the only solution to tarsal tunnel problems. During surgery, surgeons open the ankle and move the tibial nerve away from any compression points. The entire procedure lasts only 30 to 40 minutes, but recovery may require a few weeks to a few months.